Archaeologists have discovered ancient inscriptions and tombs that suggest who might have been responsible for building the Great Pyramid in Egypt.
Many believed that slavery was used in the construction of the pyramid about 4,500 years ago.
However, a recent expedition led by a group of archaeologists, including Egyptologist Dr. Zahi Hawass, concluded that it was not the work of slaves but of hired laborers.
Using 3D technology, Dr. Hawass and his team found graffiti left by crews of workers who, they believe, built the pyramids.
“Thanks to new technology, you can clearly see every little piece of graffiti, and recently our expedition worked inside five chambers, recording every detail or small letter written and left by the gangs who built the pyramids,” Dr. Hawass said during an appearance on Matt Bill’s Limitless podcast.
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He added that the graffiti “cannot possibly” be fake, stating that he is certain it was left by ancient Egyptians.
Dr. Hawass also confirmed that the group discovered tombs of the pyramid builders, which helped them conclude that they were workers, not slaves.
He told Matt Bill: “The tombs can prove two important facts: the first is based on the names we found in the upper cemetery, showing that the workers who built the pyramids were Egyptians, and the second is that they were not slaves.
If they had been slaves, they would never have been buried in the shadow of the pyramids, and kings and queens would never have prepared eternal tombs for them.”
Dr. Hawass explained that his colleague Mark Lehner discovered an area east of the pyramid, which he described as a “workers’ city,” and said it even had a bakery for bread.
The Egyptologist reported that his team also found “thousands” of animal bones in the pyramid, contradicting the theory that its builders ate only bread, garlic, and onions.
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The expert analyzed the bones and found they corresponded to about 11 cows and 13 goats—enough to feed 10,000 workers every day.
When asked how the ancient pyramids were built, Dr. Hawass explained on the Limitless podcast: “Workers came, some cut the stones and shaped them, while others transported the stones on wooden sleds to the base of the pyramid.”
He said the stones were then moved using a ramp made of rubble and clay.
Podcast host and U.S. retail executive Matt Bill revealed during the conversation that he will help fund research into the “Big Void” in the Great Pyramid, which will involve using a small robot.
The “Big Void,” discovered in 2017, is a space above the Grand Gallery in the pyramid, which Dr. Hawass said is about the size of two trucks.
Bill explained that the robot will be about six millimeters wide and will be sent inside to see what lies within.
The project to explore the “Big Void” is expected to begin around January next year.
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